Перевод: с немецкого на все языки

со всех языков на немецкий

depending on whether

  • 1 je nachdem ob

    Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch > je nachdem ob

  • 2 je

    Interj.: ach oder o je! oh no!, oh dear!
    —
    I Adv. und Konj.
    1. eh II 2
    2. (jemals) ever; ohne ihn je gesehen zu haben without ever having seen him; hast du je so etwas gehört? did you ever hear (of) such a thing?
    3. je sechs six each; sie kosten je einen Dollar they cost a dollar each; er gab den Jungen je einen Apfel he gave each of the boys an apple, he gave the boys an apple each; für je zehn Seiten for every ten pages; in Schachteln mit je zehn Stück in boxes of ten; je zwei und zwei in twos
    4. je nach according to; je nachdem als Adv.: it (all) depends; als Konj.: according to; je nachdem was er sagt etc. depending on what he says etc.
    5. mit Komp.: je... desto... the... the...; je länger, je lieber the longer the better
    II Präp.: 3 Euro je ( angefangene) Stunde Parkgebühren 3 euros per hour (or part of an hour)
    * * *
    ever (Adv.); apiece (Adv.); per (Präp.)
    * * *
    I [jeː]
    1. adv
    1) (= jemals) ever
    2) (= jeweils) every, each

    ich gebe euch je zwei Äpfel — I'll give you two apples each, I'll give each of you two apples

    sie zahlten je einen Euro — they paid one euro each, each (of them) paid one euro

    2. prep +acc
    (= pro) per
    3. conj
    1)

    je eher, desto or umso besser — the sooner the better

    je länger, je lieber — the longer the better

    2)

    je nach Wunsch — just as one wishes

    je nachdem — it all depends

    je nachdem, wie gut man arbeitet... — depending on how well you work...

    II
    interj

    ach or o je! — oh dear!

    o je! (old) — alas! (old)

    * * *
    (to or for each one; apiece; I gave them an apple each.) each
    * * *
    je
    [ˈje:]
    I. adv
    1. (jemals) ever
    2. (jeweils) each, every
    die Mietshäuser haben \je sechs Wohnungen the tenement blocks each have six flats
    II. präp +akk (pro) per
    \je verkauftes Stück erhält er 50 Euro Provision he gets 50 euros commission per item sold
    III. konj
    \je... desto the more... the more
    \je öfter du übst, desto besser kannst du dann spielen the more you practice the better you will be able to play
    \je nach... according to..., depending on...
    \je nach Belieben liefern wir sofort oder zum gewünschten Termin we'll deliver straight away or at the required time, just as you wish
    \je nachdem! it [all] depends!
    hast du morgen für mich Zeit? — \je nachdem! can you spare me a bit of time tomorrow? — it depends!
    \je nachdem, wann/wie/ob... depending on when/how/whether...
    \je nachdem, wie lange die Konferenz dauert, bin ich um 19 Uhr zu Hause oder später I'll be back home at 7 p.m. or later depending on how long the conference lasts
    * * *
    I 1.
    1) (jemals) ever

    mehr/besser denn je — more/better than ever

    seit od. von je — always; for as long as anyone can remember; s. auch eh II 2)

    er gab den Mädchen je eine Birne — he gave each of the girls a pear

    in Schachteln mit od. zu je 10 Stück verpackt — packed in boxes of ten

    3)

    je nach Gewicht/Geschmack — according to weight/taste

    2.
    Präposition mit Akk. per; for each

    je angebrochene Stunde — for each or per hour or part of an hour

    3.
    1)

    je länger, je lieber — the longer the better

    je früher du kommst, desto od. um so mehr Zeit haben wir — the earlier you come, the more time we'll have

    2)

    je nachdem — it all depends

    wir gehen hin, je nachdem [, ob] wir Zeit haben oder nicht — we'll go, depending on whether we have the time or not

    II

    ach je, wie schade! — oh dear or dear me, what a shame!

    * * *
    je1 int:
    o je! oh no!, oh dear!
    je2
    A. adv & konj
    1. → eh B 2
    2. (jemals) ever;
    ohne ihn je gesehen zu haben without ever having seen him;
    hast du je so etwas gehört? did you ever hear (of) such a thing?
    3.
    je sechs six each;
    sie kosten je einen Dollar they cost a dollar each;
    er gab den Jungen je einen Apfel he gave each of the boys an apple, he gave the boys an apple each;
    für je zehn Seiten for every ten pages;
    4.
    je nach according to;
    je nachdem als adv: it (all) depends; als konj: according to;
    je nachdem was er sagt etc depending on what he says etc
    5. mit komp:
    je … desto … the … the …;
    je länger, je lieber the longer the better
    B. präp:
    3 Euro je (angefangene) Stunde Parkgebühren 3 euros per hour (or part of an hour)
    * * *
    I 1.
    1) (jemals) ever

    mehr/besser denn je — more/better than ever

    seit od. von je — always; for as long as anyone can remember; s. auch eh II 2)

    in Schachteln mit od. zu je 10 Stück verpackt — packed in boxes of ten

    3)

    je nach Gewicht/Geschmack — according to weight/taste

    2.
    Präposition mit Akk. per; for each

    je angebrochene Stunde — for each or per hour or part of an hour

    3.
    1)

    je länger, je lieber — the longer the better

    je früher du kommst, desto od. um so mehr Zeit haben wir — the earlier you come, the more time we'll have

    2)

    wir gehen hin, je nachdem [, ob] wir Zeit haben oder nicht — we'll go, depending on whether we have the time or not

    II

    ach je, wie schade! — oh dear or dear me, what a shame!

    * * *
    adv.
    ever adv. präp.
    per prep.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > je

  • 3 je

    1. adv
    1) (jemals) ever
    2) (jeweils) every, each
    2. konj
    1)

    je nachdem, ob... — depending on whether...

    2)

    je eher, desto o umso besser — the sooner the better

    Deutsch-Englisch-Wörterbuch mini > je

  • 4 protected period

    ■ Period of two or three years, depending on whether a professional player is older or younger than 28, during which the player's contract may not be terminated unilaterally by the player or his club without just cause.
    ■ Zeitraum von zwei bis drei Jahren, abhängig davon, ob der Berufsspieler älter oder jünger als 28 Jahre ist, während dessen eine einseitige Vertragsauflösung ohne triftigen Grund nicht erlaubt ist.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > protected period

  • 5 nachdem

    conj
    after, (weil) since

    je nachdem ob/wie — depending on (whether/how)

    Deutsch-Englisch-Wörterbuch mini > nachdem

  • 6 Fasching

    m; -s, -e oder -s, meist Sg.; südd., österr. carnival; im Fasching at carnival time
    * * *
    der Fasching
    carnival
    * * *
    Fạ|sching ['faʃɪŋ]
    m -s, -e or -s
    Shrovetide carnival, Fasching
    * * *
    Fa·sching
    <-s, -e o -s>
    [ˈfaʃɪŋ]
    m SÜDD (Fastnacht) carnival
    * * *
    der; Faschings, Faschinge od. Faschings [pre-Lent] carnival
    •• Cultural note:
    Fasching, Fastnachtszeit
    This is the carnival season, which begins in November and ends on Aschermittwoch for Lent. Depending on the region it is called Karneval, Fastnacht, Fasnet, or Fasching and is celebrated in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Every town and village has its own carnival customs. Whether it is the Kölner Karneval or the Münchner Fasching, celebrations reach a climax in the last week, especially on Rosenmontag and Faschingsdienstag, when revellers dress up for masked balls and there are parades of floats through the streets. On those two days people might even go to work in fancy dress. Originally the masks and wild dances served to drive away evil spirits, but now it's just a time for fooling about. On Ash Wednesday everything returns to normal
    * * *
    Fasching m; -s, -e oder -s, meist sg; südd, österr carnival;
    im Fasching at carnival time
    * * *
    der; Faschings, Faschinge od. Faschings [pre-Lent] carnival
    •• Cultural note:
    Fasching, Fastnachtszeit
    This is the carnival season, which begins in November and ends on Aschermittwoch for Lent. Depending on the region it is called Karneval, Fastnacht, Fasnet, or Fasching and is celebrated in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Every town and village has its own carnival customs. Whether it is the Kölner Karneval or the Münchner Fasching, celebrations reach a climax in the last week, especially on Rosenmontag and Faschingsdienstag, when revellers dress up for masked balls and there are parades of floats through the streets. On those two days people might even go to work in fancy dress. Originally the masks and wild dances served to drive away evil spirits, but now it's just a time for fooling about. On Ash Wednesday everything returns to normal
    * * *
    m.
    carnival n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Fasching

  • 7 je

    je [ʼje:] adv
    1) ( jemals) ever
    2) ( jeweils) each, every;
    die Mietshäuser haben \je sechs Wohnungen the tenement blocks each have six flats
    präp +akk ( pro) per;
    \je verkauftes Stück erhält er 50 Euro Provision he gets 50 euros commission per item sold
    \je... desto the more... the more;
    \je öfter du übst, desto besser kannst du dann spielen the more you practice the better you will be able to play;
    \je nach... according to..., depending on...;
    \je nach Belieben liefern wir sofort oder zum gewünschten Termin we'll deliver straight away or at the required time, just as you wish;
    \je nachdem! it [all] depends!;
    hast du morgen für mich Zeit? - \je nachdem! can you spare me a bit of time tomorrow? - it depends!;
    \je nachdem, wann/ wie/ob... depending on when/how/whether...;
    \je nachdem, wie lange die Konferenz dauert, bin ich um 19 Uhr zu Hause oder später I'll be back home at 7 p.m. or later depending on how long the conference lasts; s. a. seit

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > je

  • 8 zufällig

    I Adv. by chance, as luck would have it; bes. durch zusammentreffende Ereignisse: coincidentally; rein zufällig purely ( oder quite) by chance; er war zufällig zu Hause he happened to be at home; ich traf ihn zufällig I met him by chance, I happened to bump into him, I just bumped into him; weißt du zufällig, ob...? do you happen to know whether...?; sind Sie zufällig...? are you by any chance...?; wenn du zufällig mit ihm sprechen solltest if you (should) happen to be talking to him, if by any chance you have a word with him; „Ähnlichkeiten mit... sind rein zufällig“ in Buch, Film: any resemblance to... is purely coincidental; nicht zufällig hatte sie die Dokumente dabei it was no accident that she had the documents with her
    II Adj. accidental, chance...; (nebenbei) incidental; es war rein zufällig it was pure ( oder sheer) chance ( oder coincidence)
    * * *
    perchance (Adv.); by accident (Adv.); contingent (Adj.); fortuitous (Adj.); circumstantial (Adj.); coincidental (Adj.); casual (Adj.); haphazard (Adj.); chance (Adj.); incidental (Adj.); accidental (Adj.); by chance (Adv.)
    * * *
    zu|fäl|lig
    1. adj
    chance attr; Ergebnis auch accidental; Zusammentreffen auch coincidental, accidental

    das war rein zúfällig — it was pure chance, it was purely by chance

    es ist nicht zúfällig, dass er... — it's no accident that he...

    das kann doch nicht zúfällig gewesen sein — that can't have happened by chance

    "Ähnlichkeiten mit lebenden Personen sind rein zúfällig" — ≈ "any similarities with persons living or dead are purely coincidental"

    2. adv
    1) by chance; (esp bei Zusammentreffen von Ereignissen) coincidentally

    er ging zúfällig vorüber — he happened to be passing

    ich traf ihn zúfällig im Bus — I happened to meet him on the bus, I bumped or ran into him on the bus

    das habe ich ganz zúfällig gesehen — I just happened to see it, I saw it quite by chance or accident

    wir haben gestern darüber gesprochen, und heute habe ich zúfällig einen Artikel darüber gefunden — we were talking about it yesterday, and quite coincidentally I found an article on it today

    wenn Sie das zúfällig wissen sollten — if you (should) happen to know

    zúfällig auf ein Zitat stoßen — to chance upon a quotation, to happen to find a quotation

    2) (in Fragen) by any chance

    kannst du mir zúfällig 10 Euro leihen? — can you lend me 10 euros by any chance?

    * * *
    1) (happening by chance or accident: an accidental discovery.) accidental
    3) (by luck; without planning: They met by chance.) by chance
    4) (happening unexpectedly: a chance meeting.) chance
    6) (depending on chance; without planning or system: a haphazard arrangement.) haphazard
    8) (happening by chance: a casual remark.) casual
    11) (done etc without any particular plan or system; irregular: The opinion poll was based on a random sample of adults.) random
    * * *
    zu·fäl·lig
    I. adj chance attr
    II. adv
    rein \zufällig by pure chance
    jdn \zufällig treffen to happen to meet sb
    wissen Sie \zufällig, ob/wie/wann/wo...? do you happen to know whether/how/when/where...?
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv accidental; chance attrib. <meeting, acquaintance>; random < selection>
    2.
    adverbial by chance

    wissen Sie zufällig, wie spät es ist? — (ugs.) do you by any chance know the time?

    * * *
    A. adv by chance, as luck would have it; besonders durch zusammentreffende Ereignisse: coincidentally;
    rein zufällig purely ( oder quite) by chance;
    er war zufällig zu Hause he happened to be at home;
    ich traf ihn zufällig I met him by chance, I happened to bump into him, I just bumped into him;
    weißt du zufällig, ob …? do you happen to know whether …?;
    sind Sie zufällig …? are you by any chance …?;
    wenn du zufällig mit ihm sprechen solltest if you (should) happen to be talking to him, if by any chance you have a word with him;
    „Ähnlichkeiten mit … sind rein zufällig“ in Buch, Film: any resemblance to … is purely coincidental;
    nicht zufällig hatte sie die Dokumente dabei it was no accident that she had the documents with her
    B. adj accidental, chance …; (nebenbei) incidental;
    es war rein zufällig it was pure ( oder sheer) chance ( oder coincidence)
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv accidental; chance attrib. <meeting, acquaintance>; random < selection>
    2.
    adverbial by chance

    wissen Sie zufällig, wie spät es ist? — (ugs.) do you by any chance know the time?

    * * *
    adj.
    accidental adj.
    casual adj.
    coincidental adj.
    contingent adj.
    fortuitous adj.
    haphazard adj.
    incidental adj.
    random adj.
    stochastic adj. adv.
    accidentally adv.
    accidently adv.
    by accident adv.
    by chance adv.
    by hazard expr.
    coincidentally n.
    fortuitously n.
    haphazardly n.
    incidentally adv.
    perchance adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > zufällig

  • 9 abhängig

    Adj.
    1. dependent ( von [up]on); abhängig sein von abhängen1; voneinander abhängig interdependent; etw. von etw. abhängig machen make s.th. conditional (up)on s.th.; vom Verbraucher abhängig Nachfrage: consumer driven
    2. LING.: abhängiger Satz subordinate ( oder dependent) clause
    3. von Drogen: dependent ( von on), addicted ( von to)
    4. POL. Gebiet: dependent, satellite
    * * *
    addicted; dependent; conditioned; dependant
    * * *
    ạb|hän|gig ['aphɛŋɪç]
    adj
    1) (= bedingt durch) dependent (AUCH MATH)
    2) (= angewiesen auf, euph: = süchtig) dependent (von on)

    gegenseitig or voneinander abhängig sein — to be dependent on each other, to be mutually dependent, to be interdependent

    3) (GRAM) Satz subordinate; Rede indirect; Kasus oblique
    * * *
    1) (relying on (someone etc) for (financial) support: He is totally dependent on his parents.) dependent
    2) ((of a future happening etc) to be decided by: Whether we go or not is dependent on whether we have enough money.) dependent
    3) (depending on certain conditions: This offer of a university place is conditional on your being able to pass your final school exams; a conditional offer.) conditional
    4) ((of countries etc) not independent, but dominated by another power: subject nations.) subject
    * * *
    ab·hän·gig
    1. (bedingt)
    ▪ von etw dat \abhängig sein to depend on sth
    ▪ von jdm \abhängig sein to be dependent on sb
    3. (süchtig) addicted
    ▪ [von etw dat] \abhängig sein to be addicted [to sth], to be dependent [on sth]
    4. LING (untergeordnet) subordinate
    ein \abhängiger Nebensatz a subordinate clause
    der Kasus ist \abhängig von der Präposition the case depends on the preposition
    * * *
    1)

    von jemandem/etwas abhängig sein — (bedingt) depend on somebody/something; (angewiesen) be dependent on somebody/something

    2) (süchtig) addicted ( von to)
    3) (Sprachw.) indirect or reported < speech>; subordinate < clause>
    * * *
    1. dependent (
    von [up]on);
    abhängig sein von → abhängen1;
    voneinander abhängig interdependent;
    etwas von etwas abhängig machen make sth conditional (up)on sth;
    2. LING:
    abhängiger Satz subordinate ( oder dependent) clause
    3. von Drogen: dependent (
    von on), addicted (
    von to)
    4. POL Gebiet: dependent, satellite
    * * *
    1)

    von jemandem/etwas abhängig sein — (bedingt) depend on somebody/something; (angewiesen) be dependent on somebody/something

    2) (süchtig) addicted ( von to)
    3) (Sprachw.) indirect or reported < speech>; subordinate < clause>
    * * *
    (von) adj.
    dependent (on) adj. (von) ausdr.
    contingent on (upon) expr. (Grammatik) adj.
    oblique adj. adj.
    addicted adj.
    dependent on adj.
    tributary adj.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > abhängig

  • 10 Grundschule

    f primary school, Am. auch elementary ( oder grade) school
    * * *
    die Grundschule
    elementary school; grade school; grammar school; primary school
    * * *
    In Germany, children begin school at the age of six and attend Grundschule for four years. After the fourth year they take an aptitude test, which helps pupils and parents decide whether they should attend a Gymnasium, a Realschule or a Hauptschule. In Austria the corresponding school is called a Volksschule. In Switzerland children attend a Primarschule for the first three to six years (depending on canton) as part of the Volksschule. See: → Gymnasium, Hauptschule, Realschule
    * * *
    ((American) a primary school.) grade school
    * * *
    Grund·schu·le
    f primary [or AM elementary] [or AM grade] school
    * * *
    die primary school
    •• Cultural note:
    The primary school which all German children attend for four years from the age of 6 (some children do not start until they are 7). Lessons are intense but pupils only attend school for about 4 hours a day. At the end of the Grundschule, teachers and parents decide together which type of secondary school the child should attend
    * * *
    Grundschule f primary school, US auch elementary ( oder grade) school
    * * *
    die primary school
    •• Cultural note:
    The primary school which all German children attend for four years from the age of 6 (some children do not start until they are 7). Lessons are intense but pupils only attend school for about 4 hours a day. At the end of the Grundschule, teachers and parents decide together which type of secondary school the child should attend
    * * *
    -n f.
    elementary school (US) n.
    elementary school n.
    grade school (US) n.
    primary school n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Grundschule

  • 11 Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f

    1. длительный допустимый ток

     

    (длительный) допустимый ток
    Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
    [ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]

    Этот ток обозначают IZ
    [ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]

    EN

    (continuous) current-carrying capacity
    ampacity (US)
    maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    ampacity
    The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
    [National Electrical Cod]

    FR

    courant (permanent) admissible, m
    valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:

    • its insulation temperature rating;
    • conductor electrical properties for current;
    • frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
    • ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
    • ambient temperature.

    Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.

    The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.

    In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.

    Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.

    The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.

    For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.

    Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.

    When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:

    Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.

    [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    Синонимы

    EN

    DE

    • Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
    • Strombelastbarkeit, f

    FR

    • courant admissible, m
    • courant permanent admissible, m

    Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f

  • 12 Strombelastbarkeit, f

    1. длительный допустимый ток

     

    (длительный) допустимый ток
    Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
    [ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]

    Этот ток обозначают IZ
    [ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]

    EN

    (continuous) current-carrying capacity
    ampacity (US)
    maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    ampacity
    The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
    [National Electrical Cod]

    FR

    courant (permanent) admissible, m
    valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:

    • its insulation temperature rating;
    • conductor electrical properties for current;
    • frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
    • ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
    • ambient temperature.

    Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.

    The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.

    In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.

    Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.

    The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.

    For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.

    Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.

    When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:

    Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.

    [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    Синонимы

    EN

    DE

    • Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
    • Strombelastbarkeit, f

    FR

    • courant admissible, m
    • courant permanent admissible, m

    Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Strombelastbarkeit, f

См. также в других словарях:

  • The information in a summary annual report differs depending on whether the plan is an employee pension benefit plan or an employee welfare benefit plan but can include: — The information in a summary annual report differs depending on whether the plan is an employee pension benefit plan or an employee welfare benefit plan but can include: • The total expenses paid by the plan during the year. • The number of… …   Law dictionary

  • Checking whether a coin is fair — In statistics, the question of checking whether a coin is fair is one whose importance lies, firstly, in providing a simple problem on which to illustrate basic ideas of statistical inference and, secondly, in providing a simple problem that can… …   Wikipedia

  • Types of fiction with multiple endings — Multiple endings refer to a case in entertainment (usually video games) where the story could end in different ways, described as an alternate ending. Contents 1 Literature 2 Theatre 3 Movies 4 Animation …   Wikipedia

  • Multiple endings — refer to a case in entertainment (usually video games) where the story could end in different ways, depending on the actions of the characters. Audience interactivity is usually an important factor in determining which ending to use. Usually,… …   Wikipedia

  • South African contract law — is essentially a modernised version of the Roman Dutch law of contract, [1] which is itself rooted in Roman law. In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement entered into by two or more parties with the serious intention of creating a… …   Wikipedia

  • India — /in dee euh/, n. 1. Hindi, Bharat. a republic in S Asia: a union comprising 25 states and 7 union territories; formerly a British colony; gained independence Aug. 15, 1947; became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations Jan. 26, 1950.… …   Universalium

  • cosmos — /koz meuhs, mohs/, n., pl. cosmos, cosmoses for 2, 4. 1. the world or universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious system. 2. a complete, orderly, harmonious system. 3. order; harmony. 4. any composite plant of the genus Cosmos, of tropical… …   Universalium

  • chemoreception — chemoreceptive /kee moh ri sep tiv, kem oh /, adj. /kee moh ri sep sheuhn, kem oh /, n. the physiological response to chemical stimuli. [1915 20; CHEMO + RECEPTION] * * * Sensory process by which organisms respond to external chemical stimuli, by …   Universalium

  • Action role-playing game — Not to be confused with Live action role playing game …   Wikipedia

  • climate — /kluy mit/, n. 1. the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years. 2. a region or… …   Universalium

  • environment — environmental, adj. environmentally, adv. /en vuy reuhn meuhnt, vuy euhrn /, n. 1. the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences; surroundings; milieu. 2. Ecol. the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors… …   Universalium

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»